Spinal Bone Spurs

Spinal Bone Spurs

Spinal bone spurs, also called osteophytes, are hard bumps of extra bone tissue that can form on your spine. They can develop with age, often as a result of joint damage from spinal conditions or injury. While bone spurs don’t always cause symptoms, they can create friction from rubbing against bones and lead to inflammation and stiffness. If they pinch a nerve root in the spine, they can also trigger sharp pain or numbness.

Fortunately, treatment options are available to help address these symptoms. Learn the causes and symptoms of spinal bone spurs, and how to find relief. 

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Spinal bone spurs

What Are Bone Spurs on the Spine?

Bone spurs on the spine are smooth projections that stick out from normal bone, usually growing along the edge of facet joints where vertebrae meet or on the bones of the spine. They can form at any level of the spinal column, including the neck, middle back or lower back, usually as the body tries to repair itself in response to age-related wear, joint damage or arthritis.

While bone spurs themselves typically do not cause pain, they can rub against the spinal nerves, surrounding muscles and spinal cord and cause painful symptoms if they grow large enough. This friction can lead to inflammation, restricted movement and radiating pain. 

When these growths develop in the lower back, they are called lumbar spine osteophytes. Bone spur lower back pain can be especially common in older adults, often occurring after the age of 60. However, certain factors, like heredity, injury or poor posture, can speed up the process of spinal degeneration, causing bone spurs to develop sooner.

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What Causes Spinal Bone Spurs?

Bone spurs are primarily caused by the body attempting to add stability to joints, often forming as the cushioning between the bones and joints in your spine wears down with age. Your body might attempt to repair the damage by adding extra bone to the affected area. Essentially, the ligaments that connect and strengthen the bones of the spine become thicker to try to correct the looseness between the vertebrae and in the joints of the spine, calcifying to form bone spurs.  

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Risk Factors for Spinal Bone Spurs

Heredity, injury, nutrition and poor posture can put you at risk of developing spinal bone spurs. Certain conditions can also make you more susceptible:

  • Spinal arthritis: Spinal bone spurs can form from chronic inflammation, which can develop in areas where cartilage has worn away due to spinal arthritis.
  • Osteoarthritis: This condition breaks down the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones. As your body attempts to repair this loss, it can create bone spurs near the damaged area.

Symptoms of Spinal Bone Spurs

Spinal bone spurs can cause dull pain, weakness, burning sensations, and muscle spasms or cramps. Here are the main signs to watch for:

  • Dull pain in the affected joint, especially when standing or walking
  • Numbness in the arms or legs 
  • A burning or pins-and-needles sensation in the hands or feet
  • Muscle spasms, weakness or cramps 
  • Trouble stretching the limbs or limited flexibility
  • Loss of coordination
  • Radiating pain to the buttocks or shoulders
  • In rare cases, difficulties controlling the bladder or bowels

Spurs can grow in the foramen, or the small opening where nerve roots exit the spine, pinching the nerve and causing radiating pain in the arms and legs. If spurs grow into the spinal canal, they can narrow the space available for your spinal cord, leading to cramping, numbness and weakness. When spurs develop in the facet joints when cartilage wears away, the bone grinding on bone can cause inflammation, local stiffness and muscle spasms.

How Are Spinal Bone Spurs Diagnosed?

Spinal bone spurs can be diagnosed through a physical exam and medical imaging. Healthcare professionals might physically examine the affected joint and feel for bumps. They may also follow up with imaging tests, such as X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

If you’re experiencing nerve-related symptoms, additional tests can be ordered to check for nerve damage and see if bone spurs are the cause. Tests like an electromyography (EMG) or a nerve conduction study (NCS) help identify the nerves that are being affected. 

Prevention Tips and Treatment Options 

There are some ways you can reduce your risk of developing spinal bone spurs, from healthier lifestyle habits to adjusting your posture. Exercising can help maintain a healthy body weight and avoid added stress on your spine, including low-impact workouts like walking and swimming. These can reduce strain on your joints and help preserve spinal mobility. Sitting and standing with your back straight can also distribute weight evenly to minimize pressure on your spine and help prevent bone spurs.   

Treatments to relieve inflammation and pain around the bone spur include:

  • Applying ice to bring swelling down.
  • Taking over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers, like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
  • Taking short periods of rest between periods of activity that cause symptoms.
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When to Consult Spine Professionals

Consult with a spine professional right away if you experience numbness, tingling, weakness in your limbs, or loss of bladder or bowel control. For persistent, mild pain or stiffness, see a specialist if conservative treatments don’t provide relief. At Desert Institute for Spine Care, we can provide an accurate diagnosis using our Personalized Pain Mapping (PPM). From there, we usually start with a nonoperative range of treatment options, such as:

  • Pain medication: OTC pain relievers or anti-inflammatories can help reduce swelling and manage chronic discomfort.
  • Therapeutic injections: Specialists administer corticosteroid injections to temporarily relieve inflammation. 
  • Physical therapy: Physical therapy aims to strengthen the muscles that support the spine to alleviate pressure on the affected area.

While some people may benefit from conservative treatment methods, spinal bone spur removal surgery may be necessary if the bone spur is pressing on a nerve or interfering with your normal ability to function. The orthopedic surgeons at DISC in the Phoenix, Arizona, area are leaders in minimally invasive spine surgery techniques and can help you find relief from pain.

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Find Doctors Who Treat Spinal Bone Spurs Doctors in AZ

Get Spinal Bone Spur Treatment at DISC

Spinal bone spurs can be painful and impact your quality of life. At DISC, our highly skilled orthopedic surgeons offer a wide range of treatment options that aim to reduce inflammation and pain from spinal bone spurs. We specialize in minimally invasive, cutting-edge surgical techniques and a customized approach to patient care. Whether you need a conservative treatment or a surgical approach, we can help you find relief from pain so you can enjoy life again.

Schedule a consultation with us today to find relief from spinal bone spurs.

ENJOY LIFE AGAIN!

Our spine health blog features up-to-date spine education and expert spine tips from our spine specialists here at DISC.

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